Effect of several reduced-risk insecticides on the population of Bemisia tabaci Genn. and incidence of pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV) on chili plants

Abstract Tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Genn. can directly, and indirectly damage chili plants by sucking the plant sap transmitting Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV), respectively. Farmers control PepYLCIV using synthetic insecticides with 2-3 applications a week to suppress vector population. The intensive use of insecticide raises concern about potential detrimental effects on environment non-target organisms. An alternative measure for B. is reduced-risk that are effective but safer. Thus, study aimed determine effectiveness various in reducing whitefly population incidence. This experiment consisted 12 treatments abamectin, azadiractin, imidacloprid, deltamethrin, spinosad, water (control), applied once twice week. results showed low-risk had no significant effect numbers adults nymphs Imidacloprid significantly lower egg number incidence than other treatments. Our also populations were low throughout season incidences relatively high. indicated possibility seed-borne.